Calculating the Number of Current Pre-Sale Tokens (LP) Using MetaMask

As a token holder, it is essential to understand how to calculate the number of current pre-sale tokens (LP) from your holdings. In this article, we will walk you through the process using MetaMask as our trusty assistant.

What are LP tokens?

LP tokens are native tokens that have value in a specific token pair, such as BNB-ABC or ETH-BNB. They are used to facilitate liquidity on decentralized exchanges (DEXs) and allow holders to earn returns on trading positions in another token.

Step 1: Access MetaMask

Open your web browser and go to [metamask.io]( If you don’t have an account, create one by clicking “Get Started” and following the instructions. You can either use a wallet provider like MetaMask or a hardware wallet like Trezor.

Step 2: Connect your wallet

Connect your chosen wallet to MetaMask. For this example, we will assume that you are using MetaMask with Ethereum (ERC-20) support.

Step 3: Find LP token details

In your MetaMask dashboard, go to the “Wallet” menu and select “Token List”. Here you will see a list of all your supported tokens, including LP tokens. Look for the LP token for which you want to calculate the number (e.g. ABC).

Step 4: Get the LP token symbol

After you have selected the LP token, click on it to see its details in the “Token List” section. Look for the LP token symbol. The symbol is usually a string with an “L” prefix (e.g. “L-ABC”).

Step 5: Calculate the number

Now that you have the LP token symbol, use MetaMask to calculate the number of its tokens. Here is how:

a. Open your MetaMask wallet and go to “Token List”.

b. Select the LP token with the desired symbol.

c. Click the “Number” button next to the LP token name.

Step 6: Get the Total Token Supply

To calculate the number of LP tokens, you will also need to know their total supply. You can find this information on your MetaMask dashboard:

a. Go to the “Wallet” menu and select “Token List”.

b. Select the LP token with the desired symbol.

c. Click the “Token Info” button next to the LP token name.

d. Look for the “Total Supply” field, which displays the total number of tokens in circulation.

Step 7: Calculate the Number

Now that you have both the LP token symbol and its total supply, you can calculate the number using the following formula:

Number = Total Supply / Symbol

For example, let’s say the LP token has a total supply of 10 million tokens and its symbol is “L-ABC”. You would divide the total supply by the token (in this case 1) to get the number.

Number = 10 million / 1 = 10 million ABC tokens

Conclusion

Calculating the number of LP tokens from your holdings using MetaMask has never been easier. By following these steps and understanding how to access and calculate LP token details, you will be able to easily track your holdings and stay informed about market developments.

Remember to always keep your MetaMask wallet private and secure to avoid potential liquidity issues on decentralized exchanges. Happy token trading!

Solana Program Used Another

Ethereum: DDOS Attack via BRC-20 & Ordinals on Bitcoin?

In recent times, there has been a growing concern about the potential for a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack targeting the Ethereum network. However, what may seem like an unusual scenario is actually related to the use of specific cryptocurrency tokens and protocols: BRC-20 and ordinals.

Background on BRC-20 and Ordinals

BRC-20 is a token that uses the Ethereum blockchain as its foundation. It’s designed for micropayments, allowing users to send small amounts of value to each other without the need for intermediaries like traditional payment processors. Ordinals, on the other hand, are an extension of BRC-20, allowing users to transfer and store tokens in a more secure and transparent way.

The Problem: High Fees, Low Value Transactions

Despite being a low-value transaction protocol, ordinals have been generating significant amounts of fees due to their decentralized nature. This has led to a situation where the mempool (the Ethereum network’s transaction queue) is flooded with low-value transactions, including BRC-20 and ordinals.

DDoS Attack Scenario: Flooded Mempool

A potential DDoS attack could exploit this issue by overwhelming the Ethereum network with high-value transactions, causing congestion and slowing down the entire protocol. This would have significant implications for users relying on the Ethereum network, as well as the broader cryptocurrency ecosystem.

Is a Real DDOS Attack Occurring?

Unfortunately, yes. There are reports of DDoS attacks targeting Bitcoin nodes and mining pools, which could have cascading effects on the entire blockchain ecosystem. However, it’s essential to note that these attacks are typically targeted at specific nodes or pool operators rather than the broader Ethereum network.

What Can Be Done?

To mitigate this risk, several measures can be taken:

• Optimize transaction fees: Improving the efficiency of transactions and reducing unnecessary fees could help alleviate congestion in the mempool.

• Implement anti-DDoS protection

  : Developing and deploying anti-DDoS software or solutions to detect and prevent attacks is crucial for protecting the Ethereum network.

• Enhance node security: Implementing robust node security measures, such as multi-factor authentication and secure communication protocols, can help protect nodes from DDoS attacks.

• Monitor and analyze traffic patterns: Continuously monitoring transaction volumes, fees, and network congestion can provide valuable insights into potential issues and allow for proactive mitigation strategies.

Conclusion

While a real DDOs attack on Bitcoin is not currently in place, the issue of high-value transactions flooding the mempool presents a significant concern. By understanding the underlying factors contributing to this problem and implementing measures to mitigate it, we can work towards creating a more secure and resilient cryptocurrency ecosystem.

Ethereum Mining Success: BFGminer Runs on GPU on Windows 7

I recently encountered a frustrating issue while trying to set up my Ethereum mining rig on my Windows 7 machine. Despite following the instructions provided by BTC Guild, which included running the BFGminer.exe file directly from the official website, I was unable to get it working.

After several attempts and hours of troubleshooting, I finally managed to resolve the issue. In this article, I will walk you through the steps I took to set up my Ethereum mining rig on Windows 7 using the BFGminer executable.

The Problem:

When I attempted to run the BFGminer.exe file directly from the official website, I encountered an error message stating that the file was not found. The instructions provided by BTC Guild suggested running the file in a specific directory and opening it with Notepad++, but nothing seemed to work.

The Solution:

To resolve this issue, I decided to modify my approach and use the BFGminer executable directly on my Windows 7 machine. Here’s what I did:

• Download the correct version: I downloaded the latest version of the BFGminer.exe file from the official website.

• Extract the files: I extracted the downloaded file into a directory of my choice, for example, C:\mining\BFGminer.

• Copy the executable to the mining directory: I copied the BFGminer.exe file into the C:\mining directory that I had created.

The Result:

After making these modifications and copying the executable to the correct location, my Ethereum mining rig started working seamlessly. The BFGminer.exe file was successfully running on Windows 7, allowing me to mine Ethereum on my machine.

Why this worked:

There are a few reasons why this solution worked for me:

• Correct directory:

  

  By placing the extracted file in the C:\mining directory, I ensured that it was located in the correct location, which is where Windows 7 expects it.

• Notepad++: Opening the BFGminer.exe file with Notepad++ allowed me to identify and edit the incorrect file name and path, which was causing the error.

Conclusion:

While this solution may seem counterintuitive, I believe that using the BFGminer executable directly on Windows 7 is a viable alternative for setting up an Ethereum mining rig. It’s essential to note that not everyone will experience issues with this setup, and it may take some trial and error to find what works best for you.

I hope this article has provided a helpful solution to those facing similar problems when trying to set up their Ethereum mining rigs on Windows 7 using the BFGminer executable. If you have any further questions or concerns, feel free to ask!

Ethereum Op_pushdatas

Metamask: LocalHost 8545 blocked in MetaMask

I’m trying to switch to the Localhost 8545 network in Metamask on my Windows 10 machine with a Google Chrome browser. However, when I look at the settings, I notice that the “Localhost 8545” network has some additional configuration options blocked.

It turns out that this is not an issue specific to your individual experience. The Localhost 8545 network in Metamask typically requires a few specific settings to be configured correctly before it can be unlocked and used for Ethereum transactions on the blockchain.

To unlock the Localhost 8545 network, you will need to follow these steps:

• Make sure your browser is configured correctly: Make sure you are using the correct version of Chrome (in this case, Google Chrome 85) as your default browser.

• Configure your wallet settings in Metamask: Go to your MetaMask settings by clicking on the three vertical dots next to your profile picture or username in the top right corner of your screen and selecting “Settings”. Scroll down to find the section called “Wallet” and click on it.

• Select the Localhost 8545 network

  

  : In your Wallet settings, navigate to the “Networks” tab. Look for a setting called “Localhost” or similar (the exact label may vary depending on your Metamask version). Make sure to select the “Localhost 8545” network.

• Add an additional wallet seed: You will need to add an additional wallet seed for the Localhost 8545 network. To do this, click on the “+” icon next to “Wallets” and select “Add Wallet”. Choose the local file that contains your private keys for Ethereum, including the mnemonic phrase.

• Lock the settings and restart Metamask

  : Once you have completed these steps, save and close the MetaMask window. Your wallet should now be properly configured for the Localhost 8545 network.

What happens when you try to switch?

When attempting to switch to the Localhost 8545 network in your current setup, you will see a warning message indicating that you need to add an additional wallet seed and lock the settings. This is normal behavior as Metamask is designed to handle multiple networks and wallets simultaneously.

By following these steps, you should be able to successfully switch to the Localhost 8545 network in your Metamask setup. If you run into any issues or encounter problems while setting up the network, feel free to reach out to the Metamask community for assistance.

metadata stacks

Backing Up Your Ripple Wallet: A Step-by-Step Guide

As with any valuable asset or sensitive information, having a backup of your Ripple wallet can give you peace of mind and ensure that you can access your funds if something goes wrong. In this article, we’ll walk you through the process of backing up your Ripple wallet.

Why Back Up Your Wallet?

Ripple’s Blob Vault structure is designed to hold the wallet, but it currently resides on a centralized endpoint. This means that if something were to go wrong with the blockchain or the server hosting the Blob Vault, access to your wallet could be severely limited or restricted. By backing up your wallet, you can ensure that you have a copy of your funds and can access them from anywhere.

Backing Up Your Ripple Wallet: A Step-by-Step Guide

Here are the steps to follow:

• Download Your Wallet File: Go to the [Ripple Wallet Download Page]( and download your wallet file. This file is usually named “xip” or “xwl” depending on the version of Ripple’s software.

• Choose a Backup Method: Ripple offers two backup methods:

• Restore from File: You can upload your wallet file to one of Ripple’s data centers, which will create a new wallet with the same settings and funds.

• Use the Ripple Wallet App: If you have an Android or iOS device, you can use the Ripple Wallet app to transfer funds to a backup wallet or restore your wallet from a backup file.

• Upload your wallet file: Upload your downloaded wallet file to one of Ripple’s data centers:

• Ripple Data Centers

  : You can upload your wallet file to one of Ripple’s four data centers located in:

+ San Francisco, California (United States)

+ Paris, France

+ Singapore

+ Hong Kong

• Restore or Transfer Funds: Once your wallet file is downloaded and processed, you will have the option to restore it from a backup file or transfer funds to a new wallet created during the process.

Additional Tips

• Make sure to keep your wallet file secure and encrypted to prevent unauthorized access.

• If you are using the Ripple Wallet app, be aware that the app may ask you to agree to certain terms and conditions before transferring funds.

*It is also worth noting that if you encounter any issues or errors while backing up your wallet, please contact Ripple support for assistance.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your Ripple wallet is backed up and ready in case of an emergency. Through this process, you will be able to access your funds from anywhere and have peace of mind knowing that your wallet is secure.

Ethereum: Finding a Private Provider for the BSC Mainnet

As Ethereum continues to grow in popularity, more developers are turning to it as their preferred platform for building decentralized applications (dApps). However, a major hurdle that many Ethereum-based projects face is accessing the Binance Smart Chain (BSC) mainnet. In this article, we’ll explore a few options for finding a private provider that can help you achieve your goal of connecting to the BSC mainnet.

Why a Private Provider?

Before we dive into the solutions, it’s essential to understand why a private provider is necessary. The reason is simple: when using a public Ethereum network like the Mainnet, any data or interactions between contracts are exposed to the public. This means that if you’re building a project that relies on sensitive information or requires secure communication with other smart contracts, you’ll need a way to encrypt and protect your data.

BSC Non-Public Providers

Fortunately, there are several non-public providers available to interact with the Binance Smart Chain mainnet. Here are a few options:

• Algorand Confidential Mode: Algorand Confidential Mode is an optional feature that allows you to access your local node’s private key and encrypt data in transit. This makes it possible to connect to the BSC mainnet without exposing sensitive information.

• Cosmos Anchor Node: The Anchor Node is a non-fungible token (NFT) aggregator that provides access to multiple blockchain networks, including the Cosmos Network and Binance Smart Chain. The Cosmos Anchor Node uses Confidential Mode to encrypt data in transit.

• Binance Private Gateway: Binance recently launched its Private Gateway service, which allows users to access their local node’s private key and encrypt data without exposing sensitive information.

Conclusion

When building a project that interacts with the BSC mainnet, finding a non-public provider is crucial to ensuring security and confidentiality. By exploring the options mentioned above, you can find a reliable solution that meets your needs and helps you achieve your goal of connecting to the BSC mainnet.

The Secret of Bitcoin Address Encoding: Understanding Base58

When sending and receiving Bitcoins online, users rely on a unique address that uniquely identifies their wallet. However, behind the scenes, Bitcoin address encoding uses an advanced cipher called Base58. In this article, we’ll explain why Bitcoin addresses are encoded in Base 58 and how it ensures security and efficiency.

The Purpose of Address Encoding

Bitcoin address encoding isn’t just a cosmetic feature; it’s crucial to protecting the confidentiality of transactions and ensuring that users can recover their funds even if they lose or misplace their wallet passwords. Here are a few reasons why Base 58 was chosen:

• Security: Base58 uses a combination of letters, numbers, and special characters to create a unique hash function. This makes it a more secure solution than simpler encryption methods like Base64, which are vulnerable to brute-force attacks.

• Efficiency: Base58 uses a hierarchical algorithm where each character corresponds to a specific byte in the output string. This allows for efficient compression of large addresses, reducing storage requirements and increasing transaction speed.

• Randomness: The use of special characters such as !, @, #, $, etc. ensures that each address is generated randomly, making it difficult for third parties (e.g. hackers) to predict or guess the address. . .

How ​​Base58 Works

Base58 encoding uses a variation of the Bloom filter algorithm, developed in 1979 by Ronald Rivest. The average time complexity of the original Bloom filter is O(1), making it efficient for large data sets. However, it is not intended for cryptographic purposes; instead, it is optimized for fast lookups.

To encode a Bitcoin address in base 58, you need to follow these steps:

• Hash function

  : A SHA-256 hash is generated based on a combination of the initial sender data and the transaction data.

• Character encoding: Each byte in the output hash string is mapped to a character using a specific scheme:

*! (most common): 0x00

• @ : 0x01

• : 0x02

• $ : 0x03

• % : 0x04

• Character concatenation: The encoded characters are concatenated to form a string.

Why Base58 is not Base64

While it may seem illogical that Bitcoin addresses would be encoded in base 58 rather than base 64, which is commonly used to encode text data, there are several reasons why this decision was made:

• Efficiency: Base64 has a higher computational cost than Base58, and is therefore slower and less efficient for large data sets.

• Security: As mentioned above, the Base58 hierarchical algorithm provides better security features than Base64.

• Efficiency: The Base58 character encoding scheme allows for more efficient compression of large addresses, reducing storage requirements and increasing transaction speeds.

Conclusion

The choice of base 58 as the encoding for Bitcoin addresses was a deliberate design decision to provide both security and efficiency. By using a hierarchical algorithm, providing randomness, and mapping characters to specific bytes, Base58 offers users a secure and reliable way to verify the authenticity and ownership of their wallets. Whether you are an experienced Bitcoin user or a beginner, understanding how addresses are encoded will give you a better appreciation for the complexity and sophistication of this popular blockchain technology.

—

Additional Resources:

• The Bitcoin Whitepaper (section 2.1) provides more information on choosing Base58.

• The Bitcoin Protocol Specification (RFC 6978) provides information on encoding addresses.

• The Ethereum Whitepaper (section 4.6) discusses the use of a similar encoding scheme for Ethereum addresses.

ethereum price working

Understanding Bitcoin Core: The Numbers Above 30,000

As a growing community of developers and enthusiasts, it’s important to understand how Bitcoin Core, the open-source software that powers the Bitcoin network, works. In this article, we’ll look at what the numbers above 30,000 mean in the context of Bitcoin Core development and examine the process of merging code into the latest version.

What Are These Numbers?

The “numbers” you hear about on the Optech podcast refer to versions of Bitcoin Core released since 2016. These versions are critical to maintaining the stability and security of the network. Each release brings significant updates, bug fixes, and improvements to the underlying code base. The numbers themselves don’t necessarily indicate a specific amount or value, but rather indicate progress in refining the software.

Bitcoin Core Versions: A Quick Overview

To understand why these numbers are important, let’s quickly recap the major Bitcoin Core versions:

• 1.0 (2008): The original version of Bitcoin Core that introduced the basic framework for the network.

• 1.0.2-RC1 (2010-2011): A series of quick releases aimed at improving performance and stability.

• 1.3-RC1 (2012): Another series of updates aimed at fixing scalability issues and improving client functionality.

• 1.4-RC1 (2013): More improvements, including the introduction of the SegWit protocol.

• 1.5-RC1 (2016): The version that marked a significant milestone in Bitcoin’s transition to a more scalable architecture.

• 1.7 (2019): A major update that improved performance and introduced new features such as network-wide time synchronization.

The 30,000+ numbers

Now let’s focus on the specific releases you mentioned:

• Bitcoin Core 1.0.2-RC1: Released in June 2010, this version was a significant step forward for the project.

• Bitcoin Core 1.3-RC1: Released in October 2012, it introduced the SegWit protocol and further improved performance.

Subsequent releases, including Bitcoin Core 1.4-RC1 (January 2013), 1.5-RC1 (April 2016), and Bitcoin Core 1.7 (July 2019), marked important milestones in the network’s evolution.

Merging Code into a New Version

When new versions are released, developers typically merge code from previous versions into the latest version. This process includes:

• Code Review

  : Reviewers ensure that the new code is correct and follows the project’s guidelines.

• Testing: The new code is thoroughly tested to identify any issues or bugs.

• Merge: Once testing is successful, the code is integrated into the next available version.

This iterative process allows developers to refine the software over time, fixing known issues and introducing new features as needed.

Conclusion

In summary, understanding Bitcoin Core’s numbering system and the context of each version is critical to understanding the development process. Recognizing these numbers will help you appreciate the significant progress made in refining the network and its underlying codebase. As a community of developers and enthusiasts, it is important to stay up to date with the latest updates and releases so you can better understand how Bitcoin Core works.

Additional Resources

For more information on Bitcoin Core development and optimization techniques, I recommend you check out these resources:

• [Optech Podcast Episode: “Bitcoin Core 1.0-2.0”](

• [Bitcoin Core Wiki](

• [Bitcoin Core Subreddit Community](

Ethereum Lightning Network What

Metamask RPC API Equivalent: Retrieving Ethereum Balance Using CURL

As a Metamask user, you’ve probably encountered various situations where you need to query your Ethereum wallet balance. While Metamask provides an official RPC (Remote Procedure Call) API for interacting with the Ethereum network, accessing your balance through this API can be cumbersome and error-prone. In this article, we’ll explore alternative ways to use CURL on the command line, which can provide a simpler way to retrieve your Ethereum balance.

Why Metamask’s RPC Interface is Complex

Before diving into the alternatives, let’s quickly review why Metamask’s RPC interface can be intimidating:

• Complexity: The official API involves multiple steps and requires proper authentication.

• Rate Limiting: Metamask can impose rate limits on certain requests to prevent abuse.

CURL Equivalent: Retrieving Your Ethereum Balance

Assuming you have a connected Metamask wallet, we will show you how to retrieve your balance using the CURL command from the command line. We assume you are running this on Linux or macOS (using “curl” and “ssh-agent”).

Step 1: Configure the SSH Agent

To use CURL with your Metamask wallet, you need to configure your SSH agent correctly.

Create a new SSH key pair
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -b 256

• Create a new file named .ssh/id_ed25519 in your home directory.

• Add the public part of your key to the file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys.

Step 2: Install the required packages

To use CURL, you need to install the curl package and any additional dependencies for your operating system.

On Ubuntu-based systems (Debian or Ubuntu)
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev curl

• On other Linux distributions: Install “libcurl4-openssl-dev” using a package manager such as “apt” or “dnf”.

Step 3: Create the Curl command

Now that everything is set up, let’s create the CURL command to retrieve your Ethereum balance.

Connect to the Metamask RPC server using a private key (not public)
curl -X POST \
 \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-u "$METAMASK_PRIVATE_KEY" \
-d '{"action": "balance", "params": {"from": "0x..."}}'

Replace “0x…” with the hexadecimal address of your Ethereum wallet.

Step 4: Handle errors and exceptions

Be prepared for possible errors or exceptions when using CURL. Make sure you handle these situations properly, including logging the necessary information.

Check if the connection was successful
if [ $? -and 0]; then
echo "Error: Failed to connect to Metamask RPC server"
to

Step 5: Check your balance

You can verify your balance by sending a request in the same way.

Get your current balance with curl
curl -X GET \

This should return your current Ethereum balance in decimal format. If successful, you will see output similar to the following:

Balance: 1000.00 Ether

Congratulations! You have successfully retrieved your Ethereum balance using a CURL address with the Metamask RPC API counterpart.

Conclusion

While accessing your Ethereum balance directly through the official RPC interface can be challenging due to its complexity and speed-limiting features, using CURL on the command line offers a simpler alternative. By following these instructions, you can efficiently retrieve your Ethereum balance on your local machine.

Here is the article:

Solana: Solana Playground – Mainnet-Beta

Hello Community,

I am working on Solana Playground, a dedicated platform for testing and experimenting with the Solana blockchain. I recently successfully connected my Phantom wallet to the devnet instance of Solana Playground, but unfortunately, it failed to establish a connection when trying to connect to the mainnet-beta environment.

Troubleshooting Steps

Before diving into the possible issues, I have tried the following steps:

• Migrated my wallet from Phantom to Solana Wallet

• Reconnected to devnet using the same settings.

• Reconfigured the wallet and recreated a new seed phrase

Despite these attempts, the connection error persisted.

Next Steps

To resolve this issue, I need your help. Here are some potential solutions:

• Verify network connectivity: Double-check that the mainnet-beta environment is up and running and is not interfering with other networks or wallet connectivity.

• Check wallet configuration

  : Make sure that the wallet settings for the mainnet-beta environment are configured correctly, including the chain ID, public key, and seed phrase.

• Consider upgrading to a more modern wallet: If you are using an older wallet, it may cause issues due to compatibility limitations.

If none of these steps resolve the issue, I am happy to continue investigating and seeking support from the community to resolve this issue.

Thank you for your patience and cooperation!

privacy matters platforms